Notes
Outline
The Radio Sun
Radio Observations
of Gyroresonance Emission
from Coronal Magnetic Fields
Review the mechanism by which we measure coronal magnetic fields with radio techniques
Discuss examples of observations
Discuss problem of 3D analysis
Constraints for FASR
Gyroresonance emission
Opacity results from electrons gyrating in coronal magnetic fields at fB = 2.8 106 B Hz.
In the non-flare (non-relativistic) corona this produces narrow resonances.
Opacity µ   n   B/(¶B/¶l)   (T/mc2 sin2q)s-1      where s = 1, 2, 3, … is the harmonic
Because T/mc2 is 1/3000, opacity drops by 3 orders of magnitude from one layer to the next
Gyroresonance opacity at low harmonics
Model sunspot gyroresonance layers
Model sunspot: positive temperature gradient
Model sunspot: peaked temperature gradient
Spatially varying gyroresonance spectra
Radio emission from a sunspot
Radio profiles of a sunspot vs frequency
Radio sunspot variability: 3 hour maps
Radio sunspot variability: 3 hour maps
Coronal magnetography
Radio observations still the only means for reliably measuring coronal magnetic field strengths anywhere on the solar disk
Measures temperatures on surface of constant field strength – directly see regions of strong heating
Because emission is optically thick in regions of strong field, we get 3D information on fields
Relatively insensitive to density, therefore complements EUV/soft X-ray observations which are dominated by density contrast
Important role in testing techniques for extrapolating surface fields into corona
Active regions at different radio frequencies
Active regions at different radio frequencies
Radio emission from complex regions
Coronal magnetography
Tests of magnetic field extrapolations
Coronal magnetic fields: intrinsically 3D
Radio tests of magnetic field extrapolations
The pipe dream:
3D deconvolution of coronal fields
What frequency resolution do we need?
Active regions at different radio frequencies
Coronal magnetograms
Gyroresonance layers
Sunspot oscillations: where is the corona?
Sunspot oscillations: where is the corona?
Sunspot oscillations: where is the corona?
Sunspot oscillations: where is the corona?
Evolution of photospheric field (MDI)
Radio evolution of  pore
Polarization at low frequencies: origin?
Polarization at low frequencies: origin?
Routine FASR products
Gyroresonance measurements: FASR issues
The Radio Sun
Magnitude of B and line-of-sight direction